Doppler ultrasonography of the vessels of the scrotum is a highly informative safe method for studying the qualitative state of the vessels of an organ and the quantitative parameters of blood flow in them. Diagnostic manipulation is indicated for various urological diseases, allows you to clarify the features of the clinical picture and prescribe effective treatment based on the results.

Indications for Doppler

The study has many indications, but most often it is prescribed to diagnose such pathologies:

• torsion of the testicle, especially if the disease has progressed to an acute stage;
• trauma to the organs of the scrotum;
• varicocele;
• testicular tumors.

The results of Doppler ultrasonography of the scrotal vessels, which is carried out at the Clinic of Professor Gorbakov for residents of Krasnogorsk, Moscow, Mitino, Strogino, and other settlements, allow, first of all, to clarify the diagnosis. In addition, with their help, you can determine the cause of the development of the disease, its primary source, which increases the chances of a quick cure without relapse. In the case of varicocele - an enlargement of the veins of the groin-like plexus of the spermatic cord - the specialist receives accurate data on the quality of blood flow, operating with which it is possible to achieve good results in therapy.

The advantages of the diagnostic method

As a rule, the attending urologist insists on the need to do a Doppler ultrasonography of the scrotal vessels in Moscow to confirm or refute the diagnosis and clarify the treatment tactics.

The duplex scanning method has several advantages:

• high information content - the probability of obtaining unreliable results is very low, and if the study is carried out by experienced diagnosticians of the Gorbakov Clinic, inaccuracies are completely excluded;
• lack of special training - on the eve of the procedure, there is no need to adhere to a special diet or limit yourself in some way;
• painlessness- the method does not imply a violation of the integrity of the skin, therefore it does not cause any discomfort;
• availability- the prices for Doppler sonography of the scrotal vessels in our medical center are not high;
• promptness- the procedure does not take much time and can be carried out at any time convenient for you.

How doppler ultrasonography is performed

On the appointed day, the patient comes for an ultrasound examination of the vessels of the penis: there is no need to undergo preliminary preparation before the procedure. The specialist will suggest taking a comfortable position - lying or standing. Depending on the indications, the manipulation can be carried out at rest or after an exercise test: in each case, this does not take much time and does not cause pain or discomfort.

Since USDG does not have a negative effect on the body, unlike MRI and CT with additional radiation exposure, using this diagnostic method it is possible to observe the clinical picture of the state of the genitourinary system in dynamics. The study gives accurate results about the nature of the blood supply in the scrotum, determines vascular anomalies and other pathologies.

USDG results

The results obtained are compared with the age norm, while discrepancies with it indicate certain deviations. Correct decoding of Doppler allows you to determine inflammatory changes in the organ, neoplasms, pathology of the vascular walls, and also to clarify the initial diagnosis of the urologist.

If you are worried about painful sensations in the scrotum, swelling or redness appeared, the urologist insists on Doppler ultrasonography, call and make an appointment for a study at a convenient time. The specialists of the Gorbakov Medical Center have extensive experience in carrying out this procedure and operate with ultra-modern equipment, so the results will be as accurate as possible!

Name of service	Cost, rub.
Abdominal ultrasound	1800
Ultrasound of the liver and gallbladder	1000
Pancreas ultrasound	500
Spleen ultrasound	450
Kidney ultrasound	1000
Ultrasound of the bladder	800
Ultrasound of the prostate	1000
TRUS of the prostate	2000
Scrotum ultrasound	1500
Doppler ultrasonography of the vessels of the scrotum	500
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs (transabdominal)	1700
Ultrasound 1 trimester	2200
Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder	1500
Ultrasound 3 trimester of pregnancy + Doppler	3700
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs (transvaginal)	2000
Ultrasound of the thyroid and parathyroid glands + regional lymph nodes	1500
Ultrasound 2 trimester of pregnancy	2500
Ultrasound of the parotid salivary glands + regional lymph nodes	1000
Breast ultrasound + regional lymph nodes	1800
Folliculometry	1000
Ultrasound of soft tissues	900
Ultrasound of lymph nodes of one group	800
Echo cardiography	3500
Ultrasound of the celiac trunk	1000
Ultrasound of the liver and gallbladder with determination of the function of the gallbladder	1500
Doppler ultrasound of renal vessels	2500
Fetal Doppler	1200
Ultrasound of the hepatobiliary system with assessment of portal blood flow	2500
Duplex scanning of the main arteries of the head	3500
CDS of the veins of the lower extremities	2000
CDS of the arteries of the lower extremities	2000
CDS of arteries and veins of the lower extremities	3500
Ultrasound of the aorta and its branches	1500
CDS of the arteries and veins of the upper limbs	3000
Ultrasound of the adrenal glands	600
Ultrasound of the retroperitoneal space	1200
Ultrasound of the abdominal aorta and celiac trunk with measurement of blood flow velocity	3500
TCDG of head vessels	1500
Interpretation of ultrasound results	500
Liver elastography	2000

As promised in, today I will talk about the Doppler ultrasound method, which is used during ultrasound diagnostics of the scrotal organs.

Ultrasound of the scrotum with doppler

This type of diagnostic measures is applicable to the veins that make up the spermatic cord, and is based on determining the speed and volume of blood flowing through these vessels, and the state of their walls.

Doppler ultrasound of the scrotum is most often performed on those men who suspect that these veins have varicose veins (varicocele). Also, Doppler ultrasonography takes place when there is a violation of the blood supply to the organs of the scrotum, which is one of the reasons for the violation and disappearance of the erection of the male penis.

Examination of the scrotum with ultrasound diagnostics: norms

During the procedure, the doctor performs a thorough examination of the presence of the testicles, their shape and size, the density of their constituent tissue, the thickness of the scrotum, the presence of all the constituent parts of the epididymis and the structure of the spermatic cord.

Normally, the testicles should be determined, their size in an adult man is 3-4 cm in the longitudinal dimension and 2 cm in the transverse. The density of the testicular tissue should be the same in any of their areas, uniform, without pathological formations.

In the epididymis, the head should be visible, but the body and tail should not. The contours are clear, even, the structure of the fabric is also uniform and without formations.

The fluid in the scrotal cavity should not exceed 2 milliliters and be heterogeneous. The wall thickness of the scrotum should not be more than 8 mm.

Advantages of the scrotal ultrasound method:

• No invasion of soft tissues, that is, carrying out the procedure without using a needle or injection measures.
• Almost complete painlessness.
• Wide application in modern conditions.
• Low cost compared to other diagnostic methods.
• Good and clear image of the examined soft tissues.
• The doctor's vision of the painting in real time.

Disadvantages of the ultrasound method in diagnosing diseases of the scrotum organs:

• Not in every case, the doctor is able to make the correct diagnosis.
• The use of Doppler ultrasonography is not always a reliable method for examining the vessels of the spermatic cord.
• When the testicle is in the abdominal cavity, ultrasound in certain cases is not able to find it.

Possible risks associated with ultrasound of the scrotum have not been noted in practice at the moment.

The cost of examining the scrotum directly depends on the region of the country in which this procedure is performed, as well as on the qualifications and professionalism of the doctor. The average price of an ultrasound of the scrotum ranges from 700 to 2000 rubles.

Ultrasound of the scrotum is one of the most popular and modern methods. Ultrasound shows pathological changes in the testes, spermatic cords, epididymis and their vessels.

The method allows to diagnose with high accuracy the presence of any pathology and start therapy on time, which additionally prevents the development of possible complications in the event of a disease.

Have questions? Ask in the comments!

Doppler ultrasonography of the vessels of the penis, as well as the scrotum, helps to assess the compliance with the norm of blood circulation parameters in these organs. The method is based on the Doppler effect - the ability of an ultrasonic wave to change its length when it comes into contact with a static medium and is in motion. The method of USDG allows to identify and promptly eliminate diseases of the reproductive system associated with blood flow disorders.

When research is needed

Doppler examination often complements ultrasound of the scrotum and penis, since it allows you to get a more complete picture of the state of the organs under discussion. The basis for the appointment of diagnostics is a suspicion of a pathological state of the vessels or their lumens, as a result of which blood stagnation occurs. Penile Doppler ultrasonography is recommended for the following pathologies:

• Erectile dysfunction (to confirm its vascular origin).
• Penis injury.
• Peyronie's disease.
• Suspected vascular thrombosis.
• The appearance of neoplasms in the genital organ.
• Violation of the urination process due to blockage of the urethral canal.

Ultrasound with dopplerography allows you to assess the state of the corpora cavernosa, the protein membrane of the penis, the correspondence of the diameter of deep and peripheral vessels to the norm, the speed of movement of venous and arterial blood. These characteristics help to refute or confirm the appearance of functional disorders due to organic changes in the normal structure of the penis.

Along with examining the member, doctors prescribe an ultrasound of the scrotal organs, supplemented by a Doppler. The technique allows you to assess the condition:

• Testicular tissue, compliance of its structure with the norm, absence of foreign inclusions.
• The spermatic cord and vas deferens, their correct position, no twists.
• The epididymis - to refute the destructive processes.
• The veins and arteries that feed the scrotum. Particular attention is paid to the plexus plexus to exclude varicocele.

A thorough examination of the genitals using ultrasound provides the specialist with a full amount of information necessary to establish the causes and choose the correct treatment for most diseases of the reproductive system.

Features of the survey

Before performing an ultrasound scan with the Doppler effect, the patient needs to undergo simple preparation:

• 3 days before the procedure, stop drinking alcohol, smoking, visiting a bath or sauna, taking medications.
• Take a moderately warm shower 2 hours before the examination.
• Reduce fluid intake and be sure to urinate half an hour before the start of the study.

Doppler ultrasonography of the scrotum is performed in the absence of an erection, often in a horizontal position. If varicocele is suspected, the doctor may ask the patient to stand up and sharply tighten the anterior abdominal wall.

The penile Doppler requires a strong and stable erection, as the diagnosis will take about half an hour. A strong blood flow will provide a full expansion of the vessels of the penis for the most accurate assessment of the direction of blood flow, the normal tone of the arterial valves, as well as the thickness and permeability of the vascular walls.

To achieve an erection, pharmacological stimulation is considered the most reliable way. The cavernous body is injected with the drug Caverject or Vasoprostan. In the absence of contraindications, an injection into the penis can be replaced by taking tablets containing sildenafil. Visual and manual stimulation of an erection gives an unreliable result, because the disappearance of arousal makes diagnostics impossible.

Doppler ultrasound examination of the penis is performed as follows:

• Before stimulating an erection, a hypoallergenic water-based gel is applied to the penis, which is necessary to ensure full contact of the sensor with the skin surface. The organ is examined at rest.
• A stimulating drug is administered by injection. With the help of a linear transducer, ultrasonic exposure occurs. Changes in ultrasonic wavelength indices undergo mathematical transformation and are displayed on the equipment monitor in the form of colored fragments.
• The doctor assesses the state of the vascular system of the genital organs, the speed and direction of blood flow, as well as the diameter and patency of the main vessels. All data are entered at the conclusion of the study.
• The patient is left alone to get rid of the erection by manual stimulation of the penis.

The last item on the list is required. If, after the introduction of a stimulating drug, the erection does not go away within four hours, the patient must urgently consult a doctor in order to avoid the onset of irreversible changes in the penis.

The price for an ultrasound scan with a Doppler varies from 1,500 to 3,000 rubles. The cost of diagnostics is set by each clinic separately, depending on its pricing policy.

Assessment of results

Based on the results of ultrasound studies, the attending physician draws conclusions about the conformity of the structure of the tissues of the genital organ, as well as its vascular system. Basic Doppler data reflected by the protocol:

• During the maximum arousal of the penis, venous outflow through the deep dorsal vessel should stop. If this does not happen, then the patient has vascular erectile dysfunction.
• The index of resistance in a state of complete rest should exceed 0.8, at the beginning of the onset of excitement - 0.7, with maximum excitement of the organ - equal to 1.0.
• The normal ripple index should be greater than 4.
• Diastolic blood flow velocity through the arteries without the onset of excitation should correspond to 0 cm / s, with an erection - 10 cm / s.
• The peak of the blood flow velocity inside the arteries of the corpus cavernosum should be 25 cm / s in a calm state, with the onset of an erection, rise to 35 cm / s, with maximum arousal, be less than this figure. Smaller indicators indicate arterial insufficiency of the penis.
• During systole, arterial resistance should remain high.

Only a doctor can correctly assess the results of the study and draw appropriate conclusions.

So, ultrasound examination of the vessels of the scrotum, as well as the penis, reflects the usefulness of the supply of blood to the genitals, the state of the venous and arterial walls. This method is able to detect any violation of the outflow-flow of blood, as well as the formation of blood clots in the lumen of the vessels, which allows you to start treatment in a timely manner.

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Ultrasound of the scrotum with doppler

Examination of the scrotum with ultrasound (ultrasound) provides essential, sometimes defining information. Thanks to the invention of color Doppler technology, specialists can investigate the perfusion and vascularization of the scrotal organs.

Ultrasound of the scrotum with Doppler devices, facilitates the diagnosis of twisting of the spermatic cord, varicocele, scrotal trauma, inflammatory organ diseases.

Doppler ultrasonography of the veins of the scrotum and testicles

The scrotum contains the most important organs of health for men - the testicles, venous plexuses, blood vessels, epididymis, and the vas deferens. All these organs have an important effect on the condition of the male testicles.

The testicles have a specific function - they produce testosterone - the main male reproductive sex hormone. Testosterone is responsible for the formation and development of secondary male sex characteristics:

• The appearance of a beard and mustache.
• Muscle growth.
• Growth in length.
• The structure of the skeletal system.
• Puberty.
• Sexual activity.
• Vote.
• Sexual activity.
• The quality of sex life.
• Various metabolic processes
• Sperm production.

All these criteria and their presence are responsible for whether a man can become a father.

Ultrasound of the scrotum with Doppler allows you to diagnose varicose veins, changes in the structure of the testicles, any neoplasms, violations of the normal, full functioning of the testicles.

Ultrasound of the scrotum is necessary for all men who have been injured in this area, or have found some seals. You should go to the diagnosis if there are pain symptoms in the scrotum area, if a woman does not become pregnant with regular sexual activity, and just for prevention.

Unfortunately, in medical practice, there are cases when malignant formations affect the testes. Such pathology can be observed in adolescence (15 years) and up to 40 years. Due to the fact that many men are negligent about their health, and hope that the unhealthy symptoms will go away on their own, diagnosis is carried out late. Also, in the later stages, ultrasound of the scrotum with Doppler is performed in men, due to the absence of any specific symptoms.

Doppler ultrasound

Doppler diagnostics is carried out with a special apparatus that uses sound waves (reflected) to assess the blood flow through the blood vessels.

During the time, the sensor is placed on the skin, just above the blood vessel. A special sensor receives and sends sound waves, amplified by a microphone. These waves are reflected from any solid objects - including blood cells. In the absence of blood flow, there is no change in the transmitted signal.

Any information displaying sound waves is processed on a computer and displayed on the monitor in the form of a graphic image of the movement of blood in the vessels. All these indications are saved for further review, careful study and diagnosis. Doppler ultrasound of the scrotum is the most accurate diagnosis.

Answers on questions

Ultrasound of the scrotum - a diagnostic study that allows you to assess the size, structure of the testicles and epididymis, the structure of the scrotum wall, the volume of fluid produced by the testicles and prostate gland. The technique is indicated for the diagnosis of infertility, erectile dysfunction, sexual development disorders and testicular neoplasms. There are two options for examination: ultrasound of the scrotum organs (isolated) and ultrasound of the scrotum with Doppler vascular examination. The cost of the diagnostic procedure depends on the amount of ultrasound examination.

Training

Ultrasound of the scrotal organs is performed without special training. Before the examination, you need to carry out daily hygiene procedures. Fear, fear, pain and stress can cause the testicles to be drawn into the inguinal canal, so the child needs to be emotionally prepared for the upcoming manipulations: talk about their safety, importance for health. If there is pain in the scrotum, you should warn the doctor about this, then, before scanning, he will apply a surface anesthetic.

What shows

With ultrasound of the scrotum organs, the testes and epididymis are visualized, their number, size, structure and contours; the volume of free liquid is estimated; the presence of neoplasms and traumatic lesions is revealed. In a comprehensive ultrasound examination of the scrotum and blood vessels, along with the above characteristics, the state of local blood flow, the integrity and patency of superficial and deep vessels are studied, aneurysms, blood clots, emboli, thromboemboli and atherosclerotic plaques are diagnosed.

Normally, on an ultrasound image, the testes are paired rounded formations with a smooth surface. They have moderate echogenicity with a fine-grained structure, consist of several layers, differing in density and thickness. The epididymis are wedge-shaped formations structurally similar to the testes. Some amount of homogeneous liquid can be detected. With the help of ultrasound diagnostics, the following pathologies are detected:

• Cryptorchidism. Ultrasound diagnostic devices allow visualization of testicles with a diameter of more than 10 mm. With cryptorchidism, they can be found in the inguinal canal. In every tenth patient with cryptorchidism, one testicle remains in the abdominal cavity and is not determined by ultrasound. Doppler ultrasonography confirms insufficiency or absence of testicular blood flow.
• Violation of puberty. Ultrasound is used to diagnose delay or early puberty. With puberty, the echo density of the testicles increases, becoming like in adults (in children it is lower). This usually happens by the age of 15-17. Another sign of puberty is the testicular mediastinum, which appears as a band of high echogenicity in the sagittal plane.
• Testicular neoplasms. The heterogeneity of the echostructure of the glands is determined. Tumors are represented by areas of altered echogenicity: lymphomas, seminomas - low; chorionepitheliomas, embryonic carcinomas, teratomas - increased. With decay, internal cyst, or hemorrhage, fluid within the neoplasia is visualized.
• Testicular calculi. Formed with Klinefelter's syndrome, cryptorchidism, after chemotherapy. On the monitor of the ultrasound machine, calcifications are represented by high-density echo-positive inclusions.
• Orchitis. The inflammatory process is triggered by infection or injury. In the ultrasound picture, the size of the testicle is significantly increased, the homogeneous internal structure is preserved, but with edema, a homogeneous decrease in echogenicity is characteristic. According to Doppler studies, an increase in blood flow is detected, and in the chronic form of orchitis, a decrease.
• Epididymitis. Acute inflammatory processes in the epididymis occur during infection. On the first day, testicular tissue is not changed, only the size of the epididymis increases. Later, signs of orchitis are diagnosed. Doppler ultrasonography confirms diffuse and local increased blood supply in the testicle and epididymis.
• Varicocele. Varicose veins of the spermatic cord develops with scars, tumors and anomalies in the location of blood vessels. According to the results of ultrasound dopplerography, a change in the structure and tone of the veins, uneven blood flow with congestion and pathological blood discharge are diagnosed.
• Testicular torsion.Torsion occurs after trauma, against the background of stress and sexual arousal. The tissues of the gonads are heterogeneous, chaotically alternating areas of different echogenicity. Doppler signs are a sharp impoverishment, absence or reactive acceleration of blood flow in the testicles.

Ultrasound of the scrotum is performed as part of a comprehensive examination of the patient. The results are interpreted taking into account the data of the patient's survey, examination and laboratory tests. The presumptive diagnosis is confirmed after receiving complete information about the condition of the organs of the scrotum.

Benefits

Scanning the scrotum using ultrasound waves does not have a negative effect on the body, does not affect erectile and reproductive function. At the same time, the study provides up-to-date information on the structure and functioning of the epididymis and testicles, allows diagnosing diseases at early preclinical stages, and tracking the effectiveness of treatment. Despite the safety and availability of ultrasound, the information content of its data is limited. For example, to clarify the nature of the neoplasm, additional MRI, biopsy and histological examination of tissues are required.